Indonesia
Indonesia is one of the countries that have so many oil reserves. In years before [YJ1] , Indonesia just has onshore petroleum mining, but now, the number of oil reserves in Indonesia were being decreased. Indonesia realizes that they should develop offshore petroleum mining, because there are huge amount of oil reserves in deep water. According to the Oil and Gas General Directorate of Energy andMineral Resources Ministry, Indonesia has signed 71 contracts of offshore petroleum mining. The Industry of offshore petroleum mining has high risk in drilling and production activities. The risk comes from the system process and marine hazards. Marine hazards are all the risks and potential risks that are caused by marine environment, like corrosive atmosphere, sea situation, the weather (storm, typhoon, etc), earthquake or others natural disasters and also the risks from air and ground transportations. Besides, the examples of the system processes are all the ris...